The Myers Briggs Personality Test - 1478 Words

In the first week of class, we were asked to complete the Myers Briggs Personality test, and then to read up on our results. Once I had completed the typology â€Å"test†, I received my results in the form of four letters: INTJ, and afterwards, I decided to view what the four letters represented. Likewise, once I had begun to read the explanation provided by the website, I found that I was agreeing with several of the sentiments, as I felt it not only described my personality to near perfection, but also for the reason of how it was allowing me to come to better understand and accept myself. In other words, I felt that the results were self-fulfilling since they reflected upon who I am, and also, who I am not. For instance, I have found that†¦show more content†¦The reason for this was surprising was due to the fact I tended to side with all of the components in thinking, with the exception of avoiding arguments and conflict, rather than debating for fun (Abramson, 20 17, Lecture on Professional Identity the Skills of Counselling). Hence, I felt that was a little bit peculiar to know that I preferred one drastically over the other, yet the test found I only had a slight or no preference at all. Additionally, I feel as though the test also allows for us to realize the advantages and disadvantages we have by preferring one dichotomy. For illustration, in terms of self-awareness, in order to have effective self-awareness (and be effective in our future careers), it is vital that we do not avoid our emotions, but also regulate them (Shebib, 2017, pg. 22). Yet, with my preference of â€Å"thinking†, I tend to avoid my emotions to invite rational decisions, while on the other hand, individuals with the dichotomy preference of â€Å"feeling†, might be more in tune with their emotions; however, they may not be able to fully regulate them. In addition, if we then are better aware of our personality, we then can use this to help benefit the relationships we have with others and ourselves, as we can be conscious of the preferences that may negatively affect our relationships with others, and then perhaps adjustShow MoreRelatedThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1378 Words   |  6 PagesFor the Myers Briggs personality test I am an ISTP when I am stress and when I am at my best. I was surprised with these results due to the fact that my freshman year in the Harold Leadership Academy I was required to take the Myers Briggs assessment and scored the letters INFJ. I find myself leaning more towards INFJ because the test was at least seventy-five questions. When reading the definitions of ISTP and INFJ I find that I would agree with my personality having a little bit of both. The MyersRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1369 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper describes the results of the Myers-Briggs personality types of extravert, intuitive, thinking, and judging (ENTJ). These personality results identify potential care ers and occupations, communication types, and partner compatibility information. The research will describe the validity of each personality trait and the characteristics associated with the personality of ENTJ. Additionally, the research is beneficial for my career to gain an understanding of how I can apply my strengthsRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1278 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Myers-Briggs personality test was created; to understand diversity and help us learn and become better individuals to the world at large. This paper evaluates the results of my Myers-Briggs test and how it applies in my personal life and career. Furthermore, I discuss what I have learned and how it it would benefit me in the future. ïÆ' ¼Needs work The Myers-Briggs personality test is designed to categorize human personality and behavior. Based on Carl Jung’s theory, Katherine C. Briggs and herRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test768 Words   |  4 PagesLindsey Osbon Mrs. Brennan English II H - 6th 5 September 2014 Lindsey Madison Osbon: The Supervisor Who would have known that four letters can describe a person in complete detail! The Myers Briggs Personality Test can explain your own personality better than you ever thought you could. My personality falls under ESTJ, which stands for extraverted, sensing, thinking, judging. ESTJ s are usually hard workers that use logic and tradition to complete things efficiently while staying organizedRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1343 Words   |  6 Pagesour personality type and temperament allows us to leverage our strengths and to recognize areas of weakness. This can also be extended to our interactions with others, so that we attempt to recognize the personality and temperaments of those around us, i.e. Typewatching, in order to facilitate more efficient and effective communication. In so doing, we can become better employees, managers, spouses, children, and, ultimately, for the Christian, more like Christ. The Myers-Briggs Personality TestRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Pe rsonality Test1166 Words   |  5 Pagesdevices attempt to tell us our personalities, or our combination of traits and behaviors that make up who we are. However, psychologists today deviate from those unsubstantiated methods and have concocted various personality tests that give us a better understanding of who we are. One such test is called the Myers-Briggs personality test. Based on theories by Carl Jung, but primarily created by Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother, Katharine Cook Briggs, the test gives people a standardized surveyRead MoreMyer Briggs Personality Test : Myer1516 Words   |  7 Pages Myer-Briggs Personality Test When taking the Myer-Briggs personality test I was somewhat nervous about my results because I was learning about myself answering the questions even before I completed the assessment. My results for the personality assessment were INFJ which means introverted intuitive feeling judging. According to the humanmetrics article, INFJs are distinguished by both their complexity of character and the unusual range and depth of their talents. The article also suggests theyRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test923 Words   |  4 Pagesto God that he gave me stubbornness when I know I am right†. John Adams, like myself was introverted, intellectual, thinking, and judging, or an INTJ on the Myers Briggs personality test. Like all INTJs, Adams was stubborn and flouted the ideas of others that he did not agree with. By using my results from the Meyers Briggs personality test, I can examine how I react to certain things and use this to improve my Spirituality, my relationship with God, and ultimately my relationship with others throughRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test2071 Words   |  9 PagesThe Myers-Briggs Personality Test is discussed in two steps. In Step 1, the results of my Myers-Briggs Personality test are discussed while going into detail about each letter. Real life examples are provided for context of each letter. The weaknesses of each letter are also discussed. In Step 2, the lessons learned about how it relates to organizational behavior and to my specific organization are discussed. Project 1: Myers-Briggs Personality Test Discussion The Myers-Brigg Typology test is designedRead MoreMyers Briggs Personality Test : Evaluation997 Words   |  4 Pagesweek’s assignment will focus on Myers-Briggs personality test, which will include results from the Jung typology test. I have learned that my Jung Typology results is a ENTJ which put me in the Executive type of leadership position. ENTJ I will discuss ENTJ personality as a whole and the meaning of each letter within the results. Finally I will touch up on what I have learned as a whole and how to improve myself within my organization. ENTJ ENTJ according to Myers-Briggs are naturally born leaders and

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Speech Essay Samples

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Speech Essay Samples A Startling Fact about Speech Essay Samples Uncovered It reduces the degree of stress by casting into the shade the numerous pressures of everyday life. Do everything you can to engage the audience. When you have the proper knowledge you also need to learn to deliver it in the most convincing method. Do not waste the opening by giving the main message first. The topic will find out the concentration and attention you receive from the audience. In addition, the theme needs to be captivating to the audience. Pay attention to your general message. Every one of these sections aim at developing the central subject of the speech. New Ideas Into Speech Essay Samples Never Before Revealed Whether you locate a sample on your specified topic or a closely related discussion, all the speeches will be able to help you get organized and focused. Essays are speeches are being written on the grounds of researches that is happening in this discipline. Speeches are easy to write and present. When you compose a persuasive essay speech make certain that it is both factual and informative. Write a couple of sentences to remind your audience tips that you have expressed in the introduction. Deciding a topic has become the most important role in informative essay writing. When writing a speech, it's important to get topic sentences that represent the principal points that support the major theme. Just visit the search field, put in your topic and realize the list of essays collected from our site. What You Need to Do About Speech Essay Samples If you're busy with their other responsibilities, you've come to the correct spot. It requires adequate preparation and planning and in some instances it's simpler to order the speech at ghostwriting service. You should begin with gathering information about various aspects. When students collaborate with our academic scholars, they don't have to be concerned about the last effect of using our services. Persuasive speech topics aren't restricted to any area. To begin with, you should understand what a speech entails. If you're frightened of giving a speech, we can assist you. An informative speech is all but the exact same as a demonstrative speech but differs in the simple fact it does not take advantage of demonstrations. Speech Essay Samples - the Story Speakers who give demonstrative speeches also make usage of presentations which include the usage of pictures and designs which help to reinforce the message. It's worth to get the most effective persuasive speech topics from experts than to do it yourself and don't fulfill the mandatory standard of a university student's speech. If you wish to learn to compose a speech, you will certainly require some strategies and advices. If your speech is very confusing or it follows a complicated path with lots of of acronyms, look at building a PowerPoint presentation with a couple slides that give a visual aid. The Battle Over Speech Essay Samples and How to Win It You can't just offer a plain and easy start a speech whenever your goal is to let them understand and believe every word you say. Hence in everybody's definition another will locate a flaw in the way that they may see the speech community. You are most likely thinking of a clever way on the best way to escape from the circumstance where you most likely have not ever imagined. It primarily is made up of what you would usually find in a fundamental introduction when meeting a person for the very first moment. The very first step to writing a very good speech is choosing the correct or suitable topic. Don't worry, even if you've got zero idea on what to write in your speech, we can help you locate your motivation and an ideal topic. In order in order to persuade your preferred target audience to agree with your standpoint, picking an excellent persuasive speech topic is vital. Persuasive speech examples are the best-fit option for everyone who does not have any concept of the way to start the assignment and the way to guarantee the last copy is spot on. The Chronicles of Speech Essay Samples Individuals that are sensitive, who might cry or get upset. People do get a great deal of money in Casinos. Freedom is really the most fundamental duty of every individual on earth.

Diagnosis And Treatment Of Erythema And Dyspigmentation - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Diagnosis And Treatment Of Erythema And Dyspigmentation. Answer: Aetiology and Pathogenesis The patient came to the clinic with erythema and dyspigmentation. The patient history showed that the patient spend substantial time in the sun. The Anglo-Saxon background of besides the difficulty in tanning classifies the patient as Fitzpatrick skin Phototype II. This is as the skin burns easily, tans with difficulty, and has white constitutive colour. The Fitzpatrick skin photypes are base on the skin color of an individual, and the responses of the skin to sun exposure with respect to the measures of burning and tanning form the basis of classification (Sachdeva, 2009). Furthermore, the characteristic irregular alterations in pigmentation, reticulate pattern, reddish coloration, irregular but symmetrical distribution of pigmentation, and hyperpigmentation associated with superficial atrophy, is indicative of Cervical Poikiloderma. The condition was first described by Achilles Civatte, a French dermatologist, a common benign form of dermatosis (Civatte, 1923). It mostly affects fa ir skinned people, in the fourth to seventh decade of their life. With respect to the case study patient, the cumulative exposure to sun due to spending lot of time in garden could have resulted in respective pathophysiology. This could also have been aggravated by the direct application of fragrance on skin. It is also important to notice that the area of skin shaded by skin has not developed the respective dermatologic condition. Cervical Poikiloderma, has a debated aetiological and pathogenesis, however cumulative sun exposure has been dictated to play a central role in disease causation and development. The age and sex influencing the hormonal factors have also been attributed to contribute to disease development. The low level of oestrogen during menopause is one of the prominent factors. In context of the present patient, the fragrance acts an exacerbating factor, as it contains photodynamic substances which can induce photoallergic or phototoxic reactions (Placzek, Frmel, Eberlein, Gilbertz, Przybilla, 2007). As the patient presents all these causal factors, therefore the genetic factors cannot necessarily be implicated for disease causation. Similar conclusions were also drawn by Katoulis et al. (2002) in their study which evaluated the role of contact sensitization and photosensitivity in Cervical Poikiloderma 32 patients. The exposure to ultra violet radiations have been regarded as the reason for ch anges induced in connective tissue, which ultimately results in development of the respective histological characteristics. The reticulate pigmentation develops die to delayed hypersensitivity reaction to fragrance. Hence, contact sensitization due to cosmetic ingredients contained in fragrance and perfumes contributes to development of Cervical Poikiloderma (Khunkhet Wattanakrai, 2014). To treat the condition photoprotective measures are a pre-requisite, facilitated with advanced laser treatments such as selective photothermolysis or intense pulsed light treatment. Therefore, for the given patient a suitable treatment methodology, as mentioned below has been planned. Treatment plan The treatment of diagnosed condition is possible through lasers such as potassium titanyl phosphate, argon, pulsed dye laser, and light treatments using intense pulsed light. However, the use of lasers at times proves to be ineffective, inefficient, or inconvenient in treating the condition. Also, adverse side effects of these treatments might involve hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and scarring, post treatment (Goldman Weiss, 2001). Furthermore, the treatment of Cervical Poikiloderma demands the addressal of both pigmented and vascular lesions simultaneously. The laser treatments thus failed to reach the optimal level of treatment effect, and present variable levels of lesion clearance. Therefore, Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) treatment proves to be an effective modality. The IPL treatment includes a laser like device using a flash lamp which produces polychromatic light in the broad spectrum of 515-1200 nm. This treatment also allows for the adjustment of duration, and number of pulses, besides exercising control over pulse delay, and fluency as per requirements. Owing to this flexibility the treatment finds application for a wide range of dermatological conditions such as vascular lesions, photoepilation, and removal of pigmented lesions. With respect to Cervical Poikiloderma the technique is used to target the lesions, by utilizing selective photothermolysis, targeting the melanin, oxyhaemoglobin, and chromophores. The pigmentary and vascular components of the conditions determine the cur off filters to be used (Elsaie, Vejjabhinanta, Martins, Nouri, 2010). With respect to vascular lesions, the one limitation associated with laser treatment is the lack of achievement of acceptable results. IPL poses the advantage of minimal postprocedure downtime due to lack of development of postoperative purpura. Also, as it is characterized with polychromaticity IPL is used to target oxyhaemoglobin found in red lesions (418 nm), deoxygenated haemoglobin found in blue lesions (542 nm), and methemoglobin (577 nm). The facial telangiectasis could be treated effectively with IPL using cut off filter of 590 nm, pulse time 2.4, 3.0 and 3.5 milliseconds, with a pulse delay 30 25 milliseconds. The red telangiectasis show improvement over 570 nm cut off, 2.8 and 4.5 millisecond pulse time, with a delay of 30 milliseconds. The other component of pigmented lesions could be treated using a wavelength range of 630 to 1 100 nm (Goldberg, 2012). However, prior treatment it is preferable for the patient to undergo treatment procedure for a test spot so as to check for the ability to tolerate the treatment plan. The multiple treatment sessions spaced 3-4 weeks apart would prove to be favourable, with number of sessions dependable on the improvement of appearance. The postoperative care procedures may involve the regular use of sunscreen, and hydroquinone. Wound healing process As mentioned above, the treatment of Cervical Poikiloderma demands the treatment of vascular lesions and pigmented lesions. The IPL technique generates polychromatic incoherent light of high intensity in the broad spectrum of 550 1200 nm, and targets the chromophores haemoglobin and its variants, namely oxyhaemoglobin, deoxyhaemoglobin, and methemoglobin. The telangiectasias, or the vascular lesions, are characterized with permanent dilation of superficial capillaries and venues which are proximal to the surface of skin or mucosa. IPL treats these vascular lesions by raising the temperature of effected blood vessels high enough so as to cause coagulation. The coagulated blood vessels are then destructed, and are biologically replace with fibrous granulation tissues, through normal body functioning. While treating vascular lesions it is important to keep into account the type and size of the vessels being targeted. The broader wavelength of IPL allows the pulse to reach the deep seat ed vessels, and thus the cavernous vascular lesions could also be targeted. The advantage of using IPL device is that it allows uniform heating of the vessel over longer periods of time, so as to reducing the risk of vessel rupture, associated purpura and hyperpigmentation. Henceforth, the larger vessels (300 microns) the thermal relaxation time is 100 milliseconds, whereas that for small sized vessels (100 microns) the relaxation time is 10 milliseconds (Goldberg, 2012; Wat, Wu, Rao, Goldman, 2014). On the other hand for the treatment of pigmented skin lesions the key determinant for selecting the most appropriate therapeutic wavelength is the localization of pigment target. The selected IPL wavelength in the range of 630 1100 nm is applicable for targeting the pigmented lesions. The mode of action involves rapid differentiation of the keratinocytes as induced by thermal heating. The differentiation process results in the transfer of melanosomes in upward direction, along with the necrotic keratinocytes. This ultimately results in the elimination of keratinocytes as microcrusts, which are removed from the surface of the skin. Therefore, IPL successfully removes the dense melanosomes from the basal layer of epidermis. Hydroquinone helps in suppressing the activity of the remaining active melanocytes (Yamashita et al., 2006). The lower cut off filters is used for treating the superficial pigmentation, whereas the higher cut off filters are used for treating deeper lesions. This i s because the longer pulse durations help in effective heating of the deeper vessels. IPL devices are regarded with high level of efficacy for the treatment of Cervical Poikiloderma. It also minimizes the risk of any possible side effects, scarring, purpura, hyperpigmentation and downtime (Husain Alster, 2016). Risks and potential complications Although IPL is associated with less risks and complications, still it is imperative to discuss some of the probable risks and potential complications associated with the chosen procedure. The foremost disadvantage associated with the technique is the lack of selectivity due to its versatility which includes the activation of all the three different chromophores in human blood. Although, the wide range of parameters such as pulse duration, frequency, fluency, and delay, makeup for this shortcoming, however this makes the technique safe in hands of a highly skilled and experienced dermatologist only. Hence, an inexperienced physician, or non medical staff pose the risk of invoking thermal damage to the skin, if the parameters are not set properly. This demands great adherence to standard guidelines for the purpose of using IPLs in treating vascular malformation especially. As the purpura development does not occur, the region of delivery of last pulse cannot be detected, which could p rove to be problematic. This could be overcome by including skip area, so as to avoid overlap between puleses. This skip area leaves footprint of dyspigmentation with respect to the neighbouring areas which have been subjected to treatment (AlNomair, Nazarian, Marmur, 2012). Another potential complication of the technique is the inconsistency of emitted spectrum and fluence, which could vary from pulse to pulse (Katoulis et al., 2002). Also, the IPL treatment for the pigmented lesions could result in formation of darkened and sloughed treated spot. The minimal side effects of the treatment involve transient post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, moderate erythema, ecchymosis and edema, and linear hypopigmentation (Feng, Zhao, Gold, 2008; Katoulis et al., 2002). Pang Wells (2008) reported the dyschromasia of both the upper eyelids as a side effect of IPL treatment. Also, absorption of light by iris during treatment could lead to bilateral ocular iritis, which might lead to irreversible ocular damage. On the contrary, even though the given patient has Type II skin, and not highly susceptible to development of dyspigmentation and scarring, still it is important to emphasize upon the necessity to use the present technique cautiously while treating patients w ith Type III to IV skin, and tanned skin. This emphasizes on the importance of assessing each patients skin type carefully before giving the treatment. Additionally, the African-American and Hispanics having Type IV-VI skin are also at higher of developing hyperpigmentation and scarring. This is due to the fact that pigmented skin tends to absorb 40% more energy than the non-pigmented skin. To counter this the pigmented skin tyoe individuals are recommended a topical solution of 4% hydroquinone and 0.1% tretinoin for 8 weeks post treatment (Aston, Steinbrech, Walden, 2012). Also, it is important to emphasize the patients upon the importance of avoiding sun post treatment, and using sunscreen to avoid post inflammatory hyperpigmentation. The patients also need to be informed about all the potential complication before they undergo anaesthesia for treatment. Topical care The treatment with IPL could lead to after sensations of mild sunburn, which can last up to 2 to 72 hours. The region might also be accompanied with mild swelling and redness, which takes up to 2-3 days to resolve. In order to relieve swelling or discomfort the application of cold compress is recommended. Also certain skin products such as Vaseline may also be applied on the broken skin to prevent infection. Further, additional topical treatment could help augment the impact of the procedural treatment. The retinoids such as Retin-A, could prove to be vital adjunctive treatment. There is a wide variety of cosmeceutical topical agents which contain glycolic acid, filagrin based anti-oxidants, azealic acid could also prove to be useful adjunctive treatments. As IPL is less aggressive, and presents very minimal side effects, one need not resort to the use of topical preparations, except for serious side effects. The patients can also use moisturizer twice a day to accelerate the process of peeling off of the crust. They can also perform microdermabrasion of the treated area after 1-2 days of treatment. Currently, researchers are also exploring the action of brinomidine cream in reducing the inflammation, redness, pain and swelling induced post IPL treatment. The research investigates the application of brimonidine cream as it has previously shown efficacy in reducing symptomatic erythema in patients suffering from rosacea. As the reduction of erythema is brought about due to vasoconstriction, thus brimonidine can further reduce odema and pain induced by IPL (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2018). References AlNomair, N., Nazarian, R., Marmur, E. (2012). Complications in lasers, lights, and radiofrequency devices. Facial Plastic Surgery, 28(3), 340346. Aston, S. J., Steinbrech, D. S., Walden, J. L. (2012). Aesthetic plastic surgery. Elsevier Health Sciences. Civatte, A. (1923). Poikilodermie reticulee pigmentaire du visage et du cou. Ann Dermatol Syphilol, 6, 605620. Elsaie, M. L., Vejjabhinanta, V., Martins, A. C., Nouri, K. (2010). Treatment of poikiloderma by pigment and vascular lasers. In M. Alam M. Pongprutthipan (Eds.), Body Rejuvenation (pp. 4751). Springer New York. Feng, Y., Zhao, J., Gold, M. H. (2008). Skin rejuvenation in Asian skin: The analysis of clinical effects and basic mechanisms of intense pulsed light. J Drugs Dermatol2, 7(3), 273279. Goldberg, D. J. (2012). Current trends in intense pulsed light. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol., 5(6), 4553. Goldman, M. P., Weiss, R. A. (2001). Treatment of poikiloderma of civatte onthe neck with an intense pused light source. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 107(6), 13761381. Husain, Z., Alster, T. S. (2016). The role of lasers and intense pulsed light technology in dermatology. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol., 9, 2940. Katoulis, A. C., Stavrianeas, N. G., Katsarou, A., Antoniou, C., Georgala, S., Rigopoulos, D., Katsambas, A. D. (2002). Evaluation of the role of contact sensitization and photosensitivity in the pathogenesis of poikiloderma of Civatte. British Journal of Dermatology, 147, 493497. Khunkhet, S., Wattanakrai, P. (2014). The possible role of contact sensitization to fragrances and preservatives in Poikiloderma of Civatte. Case Reports in Dermatology, 6(3), 258263. Pang, A. L., Wells, K. (2008). Bilateral anterior uveitis after intense pulsed light therapy for pigmented eyelid lesions. Dermatol Surg., 34(9), 12761279. Placzek, M., Frmel, W., Eberlein, B., Gilbertz, K. P., Przybilla, B. (2007). Evaluation of phototoxic properties of fragrances. Acta Derm Venereol., 87(4), 312316. Sachdeva, S. (2009). Fitzpatrick skin typing: applications in dermatology. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, 75(1), 93. U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2018). Topical brimonidine to reduce inflammation after IPL-treatment in patients With facial telangiectasias. Wat, H., Wu, D. C., Rao, J., Goldman, M. P. (2014). Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review. Dermatol Surg., 40(4), 359377. Yamashita, T., Negishi, K., Hariya, T., Kunizawa, N., Ikuta, K., Yanai, M., Wakamatsu, S. (2006). Intense pulsed light therapy for superficial pigmented lesions evaluated by reflectance-mode confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 126(10), 22812286.

What is criminology An Annotated bibliography an Example of the Topic Science and Technology Essays by

What is criminology? An Annotated bibliography The credibility of this book stems from the fact that is written by an expert in the field of criminology. This is demonstrated by his having been awarded the Teacher's Excellence Award by Mercyhurst College (2006) and recipient of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Fellow Award (2000). The author, Frank E. Hagan, holds degrees from Case Western Reserve and Gannon, Maryland. Director of the James V. Kinnane Graduate Program in Administration of Justice, he has written many journal articles and authored seven other books: Research Methods in Criminal Justice and Criminology; Deviance and the Family; Political Crime; Crime Types and Criminals; Essentials of Research Methods in Criminal Justice; The Language of Research; and White Collar Deviance. Need essay sample on "What is criminology? An Annotated bibliography" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Content Analysis Criminology and crime are two distinct areas which have often been misused; sometimes being used interchangeably or applied in the wrong context (Siegel 2008). Having an understanding that criminology is a much wider subject area than crime; and that the latter forms one of the subsets of the former; is important for undergraduate students keen on studying criminology and the wider subject of sociology. That is why this book is especially for such undergraduate criminology and sociology students; offering them the much-needed introductory approach to an otherwise strange and wide area. Presenting criminology as an interdisciplinary subject dealing with studies of the nature, causes, extent, and control of criminal behavior (Siegel 2008), this book offers deep insights into the real world of crime and criminal behavior. It not only provides a theoretical framework of criminology but also the accompanying cases and real-life crimes in order to enable its users to better articulate the subject matter and be more appreciative of it in its entirety (Deflem 2006). College Students Frequently Tell EssayLab support:Who wants to write assignment for me?Professional writers propose:Help With Essay WritingWriting Essay Company Order Essay Online Review College Essay Writing Service Cheap Essay Help The book also pays a lot of attention to the various crime typologies that have not been included in the earlier editions; and is inclusive of critical Crime Files boxes which make it more appealing to readers by offering not only real-world but also well-known examples of all the various types of crime. As such, it enables the student who is just starting it out on this subject to develop a firm foundation upon which further learning could be built. Further, the book discusses the major criminological theories, and is inclusive of biosocial and psychosocial theories. That aside, the book discusses the latest computer crimes that have been brought about by technological advancement. Other critical areas covered are political, white collar (Israel et al. 2009), and organized crime; property crime, various types of violent crime, public order crime, and professional crime. Such content is bound to interest the undergraduate student through the development of a curiosity about criminal tendencies. The overall content of the book is vital to the subject matter. It extends beyond a mere definition of criminology to illustrate how it comes about and how it can be dealt with. The 7th edition has current information, and is written in an easy-to-understand manner. The language is credible, never seeking to portray people engaged in various acts of crime as outcasts but rather pointing to the responsibility of the entire society. Although basically building upon earlier editions, the book also incorporates information from a wide array of other sources, including cases and real-world examples. For instance, earlier editions did not contain anything about computer crime (Casey 2004). Neither was there any information regarding white collar crime. However, this edition is updated with a lot of case information about computer crime one of the leading and most costly modern-day crimes. Finally, the issue of terror-related crime (terrorism) is given consideration, a clear illustration o f the books in-depth coverage of emerging as well as traditional crimes (Hamm 2007). The reasoning of the author is very objective and so capable of appealing to all kinds of readership. References Casey, E 2004. Digital evidence and computer crime: forensic science, computers and the Internet. Academic Press Deflem, M 2006. Sociological Theory and Criminological Research: Views from Europe and the United States. Elsevier Hamm, M 2007. Terrorism as crime: from Oklahoma City to Al-Qaeda and beyond. NYU Press Israel, JH et al. 2009. White collar crime: law and practice. West Siegel, L 2008. Criminology. Cengage Learning

Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear

Barry Glassner’s The Culture of Fear is a critique of pre-nine/eleven American culture. Published in 1999 by Basic Books, The Culture of Fear exposed Americans to their own misplaced fears. This book offers a new perspective of the American media machine and its effective fear mongering techniques. Barry Glassner is Professor of Sociology at the University of Southern California. The Culture of Fear was written over the course of five years and is Glassner’s seventh book. His writings regularly appear newspapers and newsmagazines including the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. The most impressive feature of this book is its methodical use of statistics and research. Every point Glassner makes is supported by thoroughly researched evidence. Over forty-five pages of footnotes are included in this 210-page book. Glassner use these statistics to systematically disprove the most common misplaced fears. Glassner’s first topic is road-rage. In the late ‘90s the Los Angeles Times, ABC, USA Today, Time, and even Oprah Winfrey ran huge stories depicting the horrors of road-rage. In the Los Angeles Times page one story on road-rage, it was â€Å"Only after wading through twenty two paragraphs of alarming first-person accounts†¦did the reader learn that a grand total of five drivers and passengers had died in road rage incidents in the region over the previous five years† (p. 4). This is the same article that declared, â€Å"Road-rage has become an exploding phenomenon.† Similar instances of overbearing journalists occur in the Political Correctness (or P.C.) wave that swept the American College campuses during the early 1990s. Another example of this is the murder of Anthony Riggs. After just returning to his suburban Detroit apartment from the Gulf war, Army Spec. Anthony Riggs was apparently killed in a car jacking outside his home. Journalists saw a perfect story and Mrs. Toni Riggs was soon seen sobbing on na... Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear Barry Glassner’s The Culture of Fear is a critique of pre-nine/eleven American culture. Published in 1999 by Basic Books, The Culture of Fear exposed Americans to their own misplaced fears. This book offers a new perspective of the American media machine and its effective fear mongering techniques. Barry Glassner is Professor of Sociology at the University of Southern California. The Culture of Fear was written over the course of five years and is Glassner’s seventh book. His writings regularly appear newspapers and newsmagazines including the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. The most impressive feature of this book is its methodical use of statistics and research. Every point Glassner makes is supported by thoroughly researched evidence. Over forty-five pages of footnotes are included in this 210-page book. Glassner use these statistics to systematically disprove the most common misplaced fears. Glassner’s first topic is road-rage. In the late ‘90s the Los Angeles Times, ABC, USA Today, Time, and even Oprah Winfrey ran huge stories depicting the horrors of road-rage. In the Los Angeles Times page one story on road-rage, it was â€Å"Only after wading through twenty two paragraphs of alarming first-person accounts†¦did the reader learn that a grand total of five drivers and passengers had died in road rage incidents in the region over the previous five years† (p. 4). This is the same article that declared, â€Å"Road-rage has become an exploding phenomenon.† Similar instances of overbearing journalists occur in the Political Correctness (or P.C.) wave that swept the American College campuses during the early 1990s. Another example of this is the murder of Anthony Riggs. After just returning to his suburban Detroit apartment from the Gulf war, Army Spec. Anthony Riggs was apparently killed in a car jacking outside his home. Journalists saw a perfect story and Mrs. Toni Riggs was soon seen sobbing on na...

Aileen Hernandez - Feminist Civil Rights Activist

Aileen Hernandez - Feminist Civil Rights Activist Aileen Hernandez was a lifelong activist for civil rights and women’s rights. She was one of the founding officers of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966. Dates:  May 23, 1926 – February 13, 2017 Personal Roots Aileen Clarke Hernandez, whose parents were Jamaican, was raised in Brooklyn, New York. Her mother, Ethel Louise Hall Clarke, was a homemaker who worked as a seamstress and traded domestic work for physicians services. Her father, Charles Henry Clarke Sr., was a brushmaker. School experiences taught her that she was supposed to be nice and submissive, and she early determined not to submit. Aileen Clarke studied political science and sociology at Howard University in Washington D.C., graduating in 1947. It was there she began to work as an activist to fight against racism and sexism, working with the NAACP and in politics. She later moved to California and received a master’s degree from California State University at Los Angeles. She has traveled widely in the course of her work for human rights and liberty. Equal Opportunities During the 1960s, Aileen Hernandez was the only woman appointed by President Lyndon Johnson to the government’s Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). She resigned from the EEOC because of frustration with the agency’s inability or refusal to actually enforce laws against sex discrimination. She started her own consulting firm, which works with government, corporate, and nonprofit organizations. Working with NOW While womens equality was getting more government attention, activists discussed the need for a private women’s rights organization. In 1966, a group of pioneering feminists founded NOW. Aileen Hernandez was elected NOW’s first Executive Vice-President. In 1970, she became the second national president of NOW, after Betty Friedan. While Aileen Hernandez led the organization, NOW worked on behalf of women in the workplace to gain equal pay and better handling of discrimination complaints. NOW activists demonstrated in several states, threatened to sue the U.S. Secretary of Labor and organized the Women’s Strike for Equality. When the president of NOW endorsed a candidate slate in 1979 which did not include any people of color in major positions, Hernandez broke with the organization, writing an open letter to feminists to express her critique of the organization for putting such priority on issues like the Equal Rights Amendment that issues of race and class were ignored. I have become increasingly distressed by the growing alienation of minority women who have joined feminist organizations like NOW. They are truly the women in the middle, isolated within their minority communities because of their espousal of the feminist cause and isolated in the feminist movement because they insist on attention to issues which impact heavily on minorities. Other Organizations Aileen Hernandez was  a leader on multiple political issues, including housing, the environment, labor, education and  health care. She co-founded Black Women Organized for Action in 1973. She has also worked with Black Women Stirring the Waters,  the California Women’s Agenda, the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union and the California Division of Fair Employment Practices.  Ã‚   Aileen Hernandez won multiple awards for her humanitarian efforts. In 2005, she was part of a group of 1,000 women nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. Hernandez died in February 2017.

The General Systems Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The General Systems Theory - Essay Example But in reality complexities exist, thus Jordan’s taxonomy had many implied drawbacks (Skyttner, 2005). Beer and the Viable System’s Model: The viable system’s Model provides us with a more complex model of a system as compared to the one provided by Jordan. In this theory the author Stafford Beer related the performance of an organizational system with that of a human brain, in his book ‘Brain of the Firm’. According to him, a viable business has the abilities to self-repair, of self-awareness, recursion and the ability to maintain identity. Beer designed principles which must be followed by the organizations in order to be viable. These principles provided guidelines for the information flow in the organization through various channels, their cost effectiveness and their capacity to convert data relating to the need of every level of organization that suits their needs and how these activities should be coordinated without any loss or trouble. The f ive sub managerial systems that were described by Beer translated the flow of information through the organization and how they interrelate. Through these systems he showed how each level is dependent on the other level for the flow of information and as the levels increase, so does the responsibility and the sensitivity of the information. Thus, in his model System One is the lowest level of the organization and is the one that needs to be controlled, it includes the operational departments or subsidiaries with lowest level of information that is provided by higher levels, whereas System Five completes the system by monitoring the balance between the systems, it mainly constitutes of the shareholders and board of directors of the organization. Beer also devised... The computer designed on the basis of the concepts of Klir’s GSPS has the ability to solve issues for the user. His theory was based on various mathematical algorithms which correspond with engineering techniques to solve an issue. It has four functional units: the control unit, meta methodological support unit, a knowledge base and a set of methodological tools. The algorithms used are specified in order for problems dealt through these tools. Metamethodological support unit arranges the problems on the basis of their generality. Knowledge base unit stores the information related issues which can not be solved through the system. The user interface will work either through the conceptual framework or through a direct connection to the main unit. Klir's problem-solving approach and system design can be sufficient for well-structured situations. Through history teams of experts in both technological and no technical aspects of the problem assembled and processed the necessary d ata and came up with alternative approaches which defined the benefits and shortcomings of every aspect. These researchers defined the relations between the theories where it was possible by producing quantitative analyses and predictions, where they were appropriate to give content to the most general aspects of the environment. Through these procedures, a gap was tried to be filled between the technical and non-technical theorists, so that a form could be given to every general theory wherever possible.

Guillermo Furniture Store Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guillermo Furniture Store Concepts - Essay Example The labor component in furniture manufacturing, in case of Guillermo, is substantial because all its products are hand-crafted and the company has no way to control its labor cost. On the contrary, it is on increase due to influx of other businesses for the favorable conditions in the region. Financial Concepts Involved Guillermo has to view the whole business scenario from a different perspective. If the company decides to be high-tech just like its competitor to replace its costly labor, then the company needs to estimate the risk-return trade-offs as making the company automated will require huge capital investment. In this process, Guillermo will need to apply numerous financial concepts to arrive at the conclusion whether it is worth investing huge capital to thwart the challenge posed by the competitor. First of all, the company needs to undertake a detailed budgeting exercise to evaluate the viability of high-tech model of manufacturing in its case. The company would need to e stimate the total fund requirement for going high-tech in this business. The company will have option of financing this capital expenditure either through equity or through mix of debt and equity. In the case of later, important thing will be to find appropriate debt-equity ratio for financing the project. Guillermo being a running and profitable company can certainly attract banks and other financial institutions to lend them for this project but leveraging should be within the prevailing norms as applicable for these kinds of businesses. High leveraging (high debt) creates higher business risk and that must be avoided as often occurs during economic slowdown. In a bid to ascertain financial viability of the investment, the company will need to estimate the break-even point in terms of volume (no. of pieces of each product variety) and value both. Break-even volumes will mean all revenue earnings meet all expenses of the company including fixed and variable ones. The break-even cal culations (Break-even analysis, 2012) will also force them to chalk its marketing and sales strategy – the distribution channels, number of retail shops and the geographical reach necessary to achieve those sales. The financial budget formation, capital required, capital structure deciding about equity-debt ratio, break-even volume analysis, cost of capital including weighted average cost of capital (Weighted Average Cost of Capital – WACC, 2012) present value of all expected future streams of revenue (Present value, 2012) until the useful life of machines, internal rate of return (Internal Rate of Return, 2012) will finally decide whether it is worth investing in the automation process so as to compete with the overseas firm effectively. Conclusion It is certain that Guillermo has gone through above mentioned detailed financial viability analysis to ascertain whether the company should go for this new business model or not. Having found the return on investment not lu crative, the company thought of outsourcing entire supply from a second competitor who has similar business model of manufacturing process

Love Poetries Essay Example for Free

Love Poetries Essay Personal Advertisement I am currently in the most enjoyable stage of my life where I wish to find the best person to share it with me. I am passionate with everything I do and I wish to share that passion with someone who knows how to live a passionate life too. I am the Man in the â€Å"Love Poem† I consider myself to be the narrator in John Frederick Nims’ Love Poem because it immensely reflects my current feelings for a particular person. Nims refers to his lover as his â€Å"clumsiest dear,† (Nims, 2003, p. 67) which quite bears a resemblance on the nature of my own special someone. His subject’s palms are compared to the â€Å"bulls in china, burs in linen, / And have no cunning with any soft thing† (Nims, 2003, p. 67). This metaphor that insinuates roughness and clumsiness also reflects some of the characteristics of my lover. Being a â€Å"Misfit in any space. And never on time. † (Nims, 2003, p. 67) surely creates an image of a person entirely different than other people. He or she does not always fit in any common group of people and is expected to break most rules. However, like the narrator’s last two lines in the fourth stanza, â€Å"In traffic of wit expertly manoeuvre / And keep us, all devotion, at your knees. † (Nims, 2003, p. 67), I still find myself adoring him for his remarkable wisdom. Simply put, despite all the imperfections of this particular person, I still love him or her without any doubt. Stage of Love in â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† In Blanche Farley’s parody of Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the woman and the blonde guy are obviously in a â€Å"getting to know† stage as suggested by the last line on the first stanza where the blond is initially referred to as â€Å"the new guy† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). However, it is also important to consider that the relationship in this poem does not only include the woman and the blonde but also Jack whom the woman has been with for a long time. This is validated on the 3rd and 4th line of the second stanza where the narrator introduces him as, â€Å"the other, jack, had a claim / On her already . . . / He understood her. His long, lithe frame† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). Hence, it is clear that there are two stages of love in this poem in dependence to whose relationship in the love triangle we are speaking about. Two Figurative Languages that Compares the Love in â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† The first figurative language is a metaphor that speaks of the new guy’s physical description as â€Å"smooth as a yellow wood† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). His physical beauty is compared to that of the yellow wood which can mean several things like the end of summer or the beginning of fall which can also be considered to be nice to look at. Perhaps, it can be a literal comparison of the man’s smoothness to a smooth yellow tree. The second comparison is on the first line of the second stanza. The narrator’s statement â€Å"She liked his hair,† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ) obviously compares the superficial relationship of the woman and the blonde. If one would deeply analyze, the attraction of the woman to the blonde is too superficial or simply physical. Liking his hair and smile obviously just symbolizes her extreme lust for the blonde guy that she is actually willing to risk her long-term relationship with a complete stranger who has a beautiful smile and hair. The Lover Not Taken is Most Likely Doomed to Misery As for my opinion, guilt leads a person to misery. In this poem’s case, it is most likely for the woman’s relationship with Jack to be miserable if guilt would consume the woman’s relationship with him. Honesty and loyalty to a partner are two of the most important elements that determine the stability of a relationship. However, since this poem consists of two relationships of a particular woman; the answer would still depend on whom she would end up with. If she ends her relationship with Jack and start a new one with the blonde, there is a possible occurrence of a â€Å"happily ever after story†. On the other hand, if she stays with Jack and continues her affair with the blonde guy, it is most likely to end up in misery. The Tone of â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† By analyzing the atmosphere being suggested on the first stanza of the poem, â€Å"And, mulling it over, long she stood, / Alone on the road, loath / To leave, wanting to hide in the undergrowth. † (Farley, 1937. n. p. ), the initial seriousness of the narrator’s tone is evident. There is too much concentration on the woman’s part as she mulls over her future decision whether to have an affair with another man or not. However, the tone changed abruptly on the last two lines where she suddenly stopped contemplating on which decision to make by taking the fast way home and phoning the blonde. Setting of â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† Obviously, this poem is inspired by Robert Frost’s famous poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† which tackles the difficulty of deciding what path to choose in life. However, Farley similarly illustrates the difficulty of making decisions by pointing out a particular situation such as being torn between two lovers. Like Frost’s original piece, a person is facing a certain road pondering about a situation he or she needs to handle. By basing the setting and theme on Frost’s poem, Farley has further emphasized the central message of Frost’s poem. Since, it is inspired by Frost’s â€Å"Road Not Taken†, it is important to consider not only why it is set in that particular setting but more importantly why Farley chose Frost’s poem to communicate her own message. References Farley, B. (1937). The Lover Not Taken. Geocities. Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www. geocities. com/cailinliet/lover. html Nims, F. (2002). The Love Poem. Master the GED language arts, reading 2003. New Jersey: Petersons.

Students Metacognitive Abilities Essay -- Education, Researchers and T

Literature Review Research on the Problem Researchers and theorists have sought the key behind getting students to learn for decades. For every theory placed on the table, there is another waiting to clear it off and replace it. This dichotomy can be challenging for teachers who are searching for the answers to help them reach their students especially when these students are asked to do mundane tasks like memorize. In addition, many teachers struggle to identify the root cause of their student’s struggles with material, and once pin pointed, they often find it difficult to address these causes. What are the exact challenges the students are struggling with? In her research, Nancy Joseph, believes the answer to this question lies in a lack of metacognitive ability in the students. â€Å"Your ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate your performance reveals sophisticated cognitive activity.† (Joseph, 2006) If the students are not capable of reaching this level of cognitive ability, they will not be able to grow with the difficulty of the class material. Each student learns best in his or her own way, and by understanding this â€Å"learners are able to use their academic strengths to develop additional skills and understanding, moving toward greater intellectual maturity.† (Joseph, 2006) Students cannot develop critical thinking skills as it relates to content if they do not possess the skill to think critically at all. The pathway to metacognitive ability begins with self-reflection. At the junior high level, students are unaware that the ability to be reflective is a skill that will carry them through life; not just in their current Language Arts Classroom (Joseph, 2006). Teachers are told almost daily about how important ... ...is difficult, and that they must be creative in finding ways to make easier for the students to understand. If they do not, then they will keep doing what they have always done, and continue getting the same results. I hope to examine parts of the studies that have already been conducted on these issues. I will be looking at the result of connecting games, social interaction, practice, direct instruction, indirect instruction, and to what extent a student’s metacognitive level has on their ability to memorize material such as prepositions. As Ellis noted, â€Å"the results of the research do not afford conclusions that can be readily applied to language pedagogy.† (Ellis, 2011) My attempts will be focused on a more general scope of application in the classroom, and I will try to bridge the gap between the research, theorists, and practical application.

Was Public Health Better in the Roman Era or the Middle Ages?

In my opinion, the Romans had superior public health, as they had much better sanitation and plumbing systems, which were in the Middle Ages available solely in monasteries, rather than entire towns. This was due to the fact that the Romans' infrastructure and methods of treatment were more developed than Medieval ones, as well as the fact that the Roman government were far more involved in the health of their citizens than later rulers, who found war and developing trade far more important, and viewed civilians' health as their own responsibility.The Roman towns were also much better planned and built than those in the Middle Ages, which often placed wells and sources of drinking and bathing water in close proximity to cesspits and sewers, which led to infected water and cholera and typhoid outbreaks. Furthermore, many Medieval streets were filled with filth, such as animal carcasses, human and animal excrement, waste from butchers and tanners, and many more sources of disease, as b acteria could grow freely and infect people very easily.As well as this, there were also very poor food standards, and it was not unusual for dishonest meat sellers to sell low-quality meat which could have caused disease, although a law was instated, decreeing that distributors of bad meat would be locked in the pillory. The Romans also had better waste disposal and water transportation systems, which allowed people to obtain clean drinking water, although there may still have been a risk of illness, as most pipes were made of lead, which is toxic.Their medical skills were also slightly better than those of Medieval doctors, as most Roman doctors were much better trained and taught about natural causes of disease, which gave them a considerable advantage over the mostly Church-educated doctors of the Middle Ages, who believed more extensively in supernatural ideas and religion-based methods of prevention and treatment of disease.An example of this is the Black Death, which killed 5 0 000 people in Europe, and was spread very quickly due to poor sanitation, ineffective cures, which would in many cases have made the patient worse, such as ingesting bile or faeces, or relying solely on prayers or religious ideas, rather than actively seeking a reliable cure, which was impossible without a knowledge of the true cause of diseases, although they did attempt to limit its spread by locking up houses which were infected with the disease. However, the Roman Empire was also poorly quipped to deal with plagues, such as the one which occurred in AD 80, and claimed hundreds of lives. However, public health in the Middle Ages did have some benefits: the towns often employed people such as gong farmers and muck rakers to survey and clean the streets to prevent disease, and remove sewage, although it was not possible to employ enough to maintain the cleanliness. The Romans had a similar system which worked to much greater advantage. Medieval towns also developed regulations an d fines for littering and dirtying the streets, although these could not be easily enforced.As well as this, the rich were happy to pay the fines and continue to deposit refuse in the streets. Moreover, near the end of the Dark Ages, butchers were banned from working in the inner city, which prevented pollution and assisted in keeping the streets clean. In conclusion, I believe that public health was much better under Roman rule, although the Medieval government did endeavour to improve the situation (albeit without much success. ) This is further evidenced by the average life expectancy in each era: it fell from 42 in the Roman era to 35, proving that standards had dropped dramatically since the Roman period.

Corona Beer

Grupo Modelo S. A. de C. V. was formed in 1992, and opened its first brewery in 1925. It’s Mexico’s largest beer producer and distributor. Among the company’s many brands was Corona Extra, which had been the world’s fourth best selling beer in terms of volume. Under the operational direction of Diez, Modelo started producing Corona in clear quarter bottles in response to consumers’ preference for clear glasses. It became the strength and let it become popular. What’s more, Modelo bought the brands and assets of Toluca Mexico Brewery as well as the country’s oldest established brand of beer, Victoria.It led the company to have a strong growth. At this moment, the opportunity was that most local competitors were selling beer to the American army for WWII, so Modelo aimed to concentrate domestic market and improve distribution methods and production facilities within Mexico. Another economic factor was Mexico became industrialized, and it ’s infrastructure allowed for large scale distribution. Because of the two factors, Modelo was successful to be a local leader. And Corona was listed on the Mexican Stock exchange in 1994.Mexico, the world’s 11th most populated country was one of the largest beer markets in the world and it’s also the birthplace of most affluent tequila. So there’s no doubt Modelo have lots of competitors, especially FEMSA. Though Modelo had built up a strategic alliance with Anheuser-Busch to broaden its international impact, FEMSA was distributing Coca-Cola products in Mexico and had a partnership with Heineken—Modelo’s international competitor to attack the U. S. Market. Heineken planned to be the market leader in US through aggressive campaign.So Modelo made efforts to be more competitive. According to Modelo’s expanding abroad, Corona distributed by Amalgamated Distillery Products Inc, and because of its unique products, it had become the second most popular imported beer in United States. Then, a political problem—coupled with federal excise tax on beer made Corona’s distributors absorb the tax rather than pass it on to consumers. However, it turned to be Corona’s strength that the sales increased ever since and Modelo also took advantages of NATFA environment.As a result, Modelo was exporting five kinds of beer to United States and three brands ranked among eight first. Since its entrance into the American beer market, Corona had built a market campaign around the idea of â€Å"fun in the sun. † It’s a brilliant and unique market campaign. It was born out of Modelo’s international expansion strategy of giving autonomous control to experienced, local distributors. It targeted on women and party scenes. Then Corona was able to get the non-beer-drinking population to drink beer by its unobtrusive and bland taste.Furthermore, with its advertising slogan, it built strong images of esca pe, enjoyment and relaxation successfully. However, Modelo were still facing challenges. Though FEMSA did not experience the same in the international arena as Modelo, it is the exclusive distributors of Coca-Cola and Central America. Though Corona surpassed Heineken as Ameriaca’s top imported beer, but it’s because the failure that Heineken always advertising for the superior quality ,with little attention devoted to any other aspect of its brand.So Medelo had to face its new status to make its success story a sustainable one. To conclude, for Modelo, it’s strengths are 1) Mexico’s largest beer producer and distributor 2) Corona Extra had been the world’s fourth best selling beer in volume 3)Top imported beer in US 4) Distributors absorb the tax rather than pass it on to consumers 5) Brilliant market champaign 6) Strong brand image. It’s weaknesses are 1) Lack of merger with other companies 2) Lack of partners. For the direct environment, i t targeted those non beer drinking people especially women.Modelo’s direct competitor in Mexico is FEMSA. It’s the distributor of Coca-Cola and Central America and it has high quality and have a partnership with Heineken to attack the US market. The international competitor is Heineken. It’s main importer in US and it planned to be the market leader through market campaigns. For the global environment, the political factors are 1)North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) environment. 2) Federal excise tax —-absorb the tax rather than pass it on to customers. The economical factor is Mexico is the world’s 11th most populated country.The social factors are 1)Mexico is the birthplace and still home of the most affluent tequila market. 2) It targeted non beer drinking population especially women. The technology factor is the advertising style and the legal factors are laws and regulations of alcohol. Above all, Modelo can focus on advertising more to increase the number of non beer drinking consumers and develop more customers to establish a supply chain to make products available in more places. What’s more, Modelo can also expand its international market not only in US and Europe but in Asia.

5 Billboard Taglines That Advertise Errors

5 Billboard Taglines That Advertise Errors 5 Billboard Taglines That Advertise Errors 5 Billboard Taglines That Advertise Errors By Mark Nichol I strongly advise against employing billboards to teach you proper English grammar and spelling, but you can certainly use them to learn what not to do. Here are some pain-inducing billboard boo-boos: 1. â€Å"Are you in or out?† This tagline from the remake of Ocean’s Eleven won’t strike many people as erroneous, but the omission of a comma ruins the effect for me. Read as is, this sentence calls for upward inflection: Are you one of these? But the inflection should fall, and whether your voice catches instantaneously before your pitch falls after in or you don’t actually pause, a comma signals the difference: Are you this, or are you that? 2. â€Å"All day, everyday.† This error in an advertisement for a major chain supermarket went viral some years ago, and the English language hasn’t been able to shake the bug since. Make everyday two words, and call me in the morning. 3. â€Å"Name’s Mel-care to have a drink?† This confused come-on appeared in an advertisement for Tanqueray gin featuring a comely woman inviting the billboard viewer to join her for a cocktail. With a disregard for the visual esthetics of language endemic to the marketing industry, the copywriter puzzled readers with what appeared to be a non sequitur reference in a liquor ad to a variant of Medicare known as Mel-care. By separating Mel’s introduction from her invitation with a mere hyphen when a mighty em dash was called for (â€Å"Name’s Mel care to have a drink?†), this multimillion-dollar ad campaign cried out for a pocket-change fix. The ubiquitous unwitting use of hyphens in place of dashes is wrong, but, almost worse, it’s ugly. 4. â€Å"You provide the truck. We’ll bring the barbeque.† An ad for a pickup truck big enough to haul around an oil-barrel barbecue grill misspelled the last word. â€Å"But, Mark, we see it like that all the time!† Yes, you see it misspelled all the time. It’s an understandable error, extending from the slang abbreviation BBQ, and it may end up in the dictionary someday. But it’s not there yet. Honor the language. 5. â€Å"Don’t stare, you might miss your exit.† Come on, a comma is too weak to convey the cadence of this sentence. (It didn’t work in that sentence, either, did it?) There’s a definite break in the two parts of this sentence, and the rhythm cries out for an em dash or even a period after stare. Again, as in the first and third examples, the copywriter failed to use the nuances of punctuation to help upload the desire to buy a product or use a service to the consumer’s brain. This message is brought to you by DailyWritingTips.com: When you seek to sell, consider not only words but also punctuation in the sell’s structure. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Structure A Story: The Eights of Misplaced Modifiers

USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War Aircraft Carrier

USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War Aircraft Carrier USS Leyte (CV-32) - Overview: Nation:  United States Type:  Aircraft Carrier Shipyard:  Newport News Shipbuilding Laid Down:  February 21, 1944 Launched:  August 23, 1945 Commissioned: April 11, 1946 Fate:  Sold for scrap, 1970 USS Leyte (CV-32) - Specifications: Displacement:  27,100 tons Length:  888 ft. Beam: 93 ft. (waterline) Draft:  28 ft., 7 in. Propulsion:  8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shafts Speed:  33 knots Complement: 3,448 men USS Leyte (CV-32) - Armament: 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft: 90-100 aircraft USS Leyte (CV-32) - A New Design: Designed in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys  Lexington- and  Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were planned to fit within the restrictions set forth by the  Washington Naval Treaty. This placed limitations on the tonnage of different types of warships as well as capped each signatory’s total tonnage. These types of rules were furthered by the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As world tensions increased, Japan and Italy left the treaty structure in 1936. Upon the collapse of this system, the US Navy began work on a design for a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which utilized the lessons learned from the  Yorktown-class. The resulting design was longer and wider as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This had been used earlier on  USS  Wasp  (CV-7). In addition to carrying a more sizable air group, the new class mounted a greatly enlarged anti-aircraft armament. Work began on the lead ship,  USS  Essex  (CV-9) on April 28, 1941. With the US entrance into  World War II after the  attack on Pearl Harbor, the  Essex-class rapidly became the US Navys standard design for fleet carriers. The first four ships after  Essex  followed the types original design. In early 1943, the US Navy made multiple changes to improve future vessels. The most noticeable of these alterations was the lengthening the bow to a clipper design which allowed the addition of two quadruple 40 mm mounts. Other changes included moving the combat information center below the armored deck, improved aviation fuel and ventilation systems, a second catapult on the flight deck, and an additional fire control director. Though known as the long-hull  Essex-class or  Ticonderoga-class by some, the US Navy made no distinction between these and the earlier  Essex-class ships. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Construction: The first ship to move forward with the revised  Essex-class design was USS  Hancock  (CV-14) which was later re-dubbed Ticonderoga.   It was followed by additional vessels including USS Leyte (CV-32).   Laid down on February 21, 1944, work on Leyte began at Newport News Shipbuilding.   Named for the recently fought Battle of Leyte Gulf, the new carrier slid down the ways on August 23, 1945.   Despite the end of the war, construction continued and Leyte entered commission on April 11, 1946, with Captain Henry F. MacComsey in command.   Completing sea trails and shakedown operations, the new carrier joined the fleet later that year. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Early Service: In the fall of 1946, Leyte steamed south in consort with the battleship USS Wisconsin (BB-64) for a goodwill tour of South America.   Visiting ports along the continents western coast, the carrier then returned to the Caribbean in November for additional shakedown and training operations.   In 1948, Leyte received a compliment of new Sikorsky HO3S-1 helicopters before moving to the North Atlantic for Operation Frigid.   Over the next two years it participated in several fleet maneuvers as well as mounted an air power demonstration over Lebanon to help deter a growing Communist presence in the region.   Returning to Norfolk in August 1950, Leyte quickly replenished and received orders to move to the Pacific due to the beginning of the Korean War. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War: Arriving at Sasebo, Japan on October 8, Leyte completed combat preparations before joining Task Force 77 off the Korean coast.   Over the next three months, the carriers air group flew  3,933 sorties and struck a variety of targets on the peninsula.   Among those operating from Leytes deck was Ensign Jesse L. Brown, the US Navys first African American aviator.   Flying a Chance Vought F4U Corsair, Brown was killed in action on December 4 while supporting troops during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.   Departing in January 1951, Leyte returned to Norfolk for an overhaul.   Later that year, the carrier began the first of a series of deployments with the US Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean.    USS Leyte (CV-32) - Later Service: Re-designated an attack carrier (CVA-32) in October 1952, Leyte remained in the Mediterranean until early 1953 when it returned to Boston.   Though initially selected for deactivation, the carrier received a reprieve on August 8 when it was selected to serve as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS-32).   While undergoing conversion to this new role, Leyte suffered an explosion in its port catapult machinery room on October 16.   This and the resulting fire killed 37 and injured 28 before it was extinguished.   After undergoing repairs from the accident, work on Leyte moved forward and was completed on January 4, 1945.    Operating from Quonset Point in Rhode Island, Leyte commenced anti-submarine warfare activities in the North Atlantic and Caribbean.   Serving as flagship of Carrier Division 18, it remained active in this role for the next five years.   In January 1959, Leyte steamed for New York to begin an inactivation overhaul.   As it had not undergone the major upgrades, such as SCB-27A or SCB-125, that many other Essex-class ships had received it was deemed surplus to the fleets needs.   Re-designated as an aircraft transport (AVT-10), it was decommissioned on May 15, 1959.   Moved to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet in Philadelphia, it remained there until being sold for scrap in September 1970.   Selected Sources DANFS: USS Leyte (CV-32)NavSource: USS Leyte (CV-32)Hull Number: USS Leyte (CV-32)

People Resourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

People Resourcing - Essay Example With the stated objective of ‘protecting the rights of workers’, unions negotiate with the management of the company and other regulating bodies to extract the best possible solution for the problems arising from time to time. But the union will be able to negotiate the solution only if it is recognized the management and the regulatory bodies for the purpose. The first step towards recognition is to be acceptable amongst the workers. To seek recognition, the union has to be acceptable amongst the employees as well. This implies that the union will have to enrol good number of employees as its members. In general, the minimum number of employees to be enrolled by any union for recognition, is defined in the rulebook. It also needs to be emphasised that enrolment or affiliation of a member with union has to be purely voluntary and without any coercion. The recognition itself is a multistage process comprising of the following steps (OPSI, 2004);  Step-1: After ensuring support of the requisite minimum number of workers, the union writes to the employer/ management requesting recognition. For the request to be valid there must be at least 21 employees under the banner of the union. The management can grant the recognition on the basis of the request or it may wish to verify the claim or further negotiate it with the employees and the union. At times, the help of Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) is also sought in case of some disagreements.  Step-2: In case of persistence of some difference, the matter can be referred to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) by the union (s). The CAC is supposed to decide on the matter within a fixed time period by taking into account the merits of the case and the percentage of employees being represented by the union. Representation of at least 10 percent of the total workforce is once such criterion which helps in deciding in favour of the union. Step-4: Once the bargaining unit is formed the union is granted recognition either directly or by carrying out a referendum amongst the workers to ascertain the validity of the claims being made by the union.

What role do vulnerability and resilience play in the emergence of Essay

What role do vulnerability and resilience play in the emergence of atypical child development - Essay Example Genetic and environmental factors interact with varying degrees of plasticity to effect developmental change. To very briefly outline the stages, or milestones of a child’s growth from birth onwards, research has identified, physical, motor, cognitive. socio-emotional, language acquisition variables, and their mechanisms, along with speed and pattern of development in terms of both population and individual differences. In spite of minor variations due to cultural and environmental factors, there is wide agreement as to what could be seen as ‘gifted’ or super-normal development and, at the other end, sub-normal or less than optimal development and functioning of children. Such differences are likely to persist into adulthood. However, the term atypical development is used more in the context of sub-normal rather than super-normal populations. More recent research into the lower end of the scale in child development, which is a minority, and considered atypical under normal conditions, has concentrated on what have been identified as vulnerability and resilience factors. The motivation has been to identify, intervene, and actively improve the chances of accomplishment of a satisfactory life trajectory for those children identified as being in danger of failing to reach societal norms of everyday life. To emphasise the global spread of child development research and application, studies from the USA, Australia and South Africa within the last decade are cited in this essay; (Masten & Gewirtz (2006), Mutimer, Reece, and Matthews (2007), Theron (2006). Vulnerability in children is described as risk factors, both individual and environmental hazards, which tend to result in negative developmental outcomes. Among individual characteristics are, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, in-utero experience of maternal drug use, physical disability, and a variety of genetic defects. Among the immediate environmental hazards are family

Summary of an article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Summary of an article - Essay Example In his article, Tiebout stresses that this concern is different if the governments can â€Å"provide goods to citizens who can move to distinct communities† (Stoddard n.p.). The rationale is that if the people are confronted with a collection of communities that afford various kinds or levels of goods or services, then the people will be placed in a framework wherein they are able to choose communities that best serve their interests. This is a potential resolution to this â€Å"free ride problem† as citizens will be given options based on their capacity to take on tax burdens: citizens with high demands for public goods may choose to focus on communities that provide the corresponding levels of services and taxes. On the other hand, those who could not afford high levels of services and taxes may choose to concentrate on communities has low demands. The gist of this potential intervention, according to Tiebout, is to ensure that every citizen get their fair share of pu blic goods and services. Tiebout believes that Samuelson’s article largely focused on the public goods at the central level. He observes that while Samuelson and Musgrave claimed that public good provision can be optimal, this can only exist if the citizens express their true preferences through voting. Nevertheless, in reality, this is not what is happening: citizens are devaluing their preferences and demands in order to preclude high taxes. He identifies that this model merely presumes that provision of public goods can only be carried out by central governments. Tiebout balks with this idea and resorts to local governments. He comes up with a model that considers local governments as providers of public goods. He proposes that local governments, like central governments, generate a parcel of public goods. Tiebout believes that local governments can provide optimum public

Analysing Film Adaptations of Shakespeares Macbeth

Analysing Film Adaptations of Shakespeares Macbeth In Roger Manvells Book Peter Hall is quoted as saying â€Å"Shakespeare is no screen writer. He is a verbal dramatist, relying on the associative and metaphorical power of words†¦Even his stage action is verbalised†¦ This is bad screen writing. A good film script relies on contrasting verbal images. What is spoken is of secondary importance.† (Manvell, 1971, p.125) It is certainly true that screenwriting and playwriting are two very separate arts, as is the discipline of acting in the two arenas. A screen actor has the advantage of the camera being able to pick out subtle facial expressions and body movements that will illustrate the characters emotion without the need for dialogue. A stage player must project his or her voice across the expanse of a theatre and cannot rely on the audience members at the back of a theatre being able to witness all the subtleties of their body movement. As such much more needs to be spoken. On the screen expositionary dialogue is redundant and detrimental to the narrative drive. However Shakespeare infuses all his dialogue with rich textual imagery and double meanings. In translating this to the screen some of it is unavoidably lost. This essay will explore the aforementioned contention with reference to three adaptations of Shakespeares Macbeth. It aims to show that although it is very difficult to adapt Shakespeares poetry faithfully it is not impossible. The version of principle discussion will be the 1948 version that was directed by and starred Orson Welles, as well as the 1971 Roman Polanski directed version starring Jon Finch and the 1957 Japanese retelling by Akira Kurosawa, Kumonosu jà ´ (Throne Of Blood.) The opening scene of Macbeth is extremely short yet extremely effective in establishing an atmosphere of mystery and the imagery of light and dark as an analogy of good and evil that runs throughout the course of the play. It opens to the sound of thunder and lighting. The turbulent and dark nature of the weather serves as an apt environment for the turbulent and dark events that unfold and effectively serving to set the tone of the play and the imagery of stormy weather that is used as pathetic falla cy throughout the play. The witches mention a battle and Macbeth but their involvement in these maters is not clear; but what is clear is the atmosphere of mystery that is established. They converse in verse with rhyming couplets and all chant the same couplet at the end of the scene as if they were casting a spell. Fair is foul and foul is fair Hover through the fog and filthy air. (Act I Scene I) The internal rhyme and inversion of values of good and bad warns the audience that something is amiss and is echoed in Macbeths opening line of the play, So foul and fair a day I have not seen (Act I Scene III) The verbal resonance of this line associates Macbeth with the will of the witches and foreshadows his entanglement with the forces of diabolism. The filmic versions of the play also stem their predominant imagery from this opening scene. The opening scene of Welles Macbeth shows the three Witches standing on the edge of a tall jagged rock face. The barren landscape is dark and shadowy and mist swirls in the dark night sky. The production design is minimalist and actually resembles a theatre set rather than a filmic one. It recalls the visual style of German expressionism, which has a tradition within the horror genre. This design continues throughout the film. The lighting and the black and white photography have been composed to cast eerie shadows over the sets and faces of the players, perfectly visualizing the light and dark imagery in Shakespeares text. The film actually opens with lines from Act IV Scene I. Double, double toil and trouble Fire burn and cauldron bubble. The film then cuts to a close shot of the cauldron mouth as the witches mix a potion and continue to chant Shakespeares words as if casting a spell. From the cauldron a clay doll is formed and as it is fully formed the word Macbeth is spoken as the films title appears on the screen. Although tonally much of what Shakespeare had written is retained within the visual style of the film, in this version of the scene the emphasis on the witches is changed from agents of diabolism to enforcers of it. Lady Macbeths soliloquy of Act I Scene V bares none of the visual flair that Welles opening scene does. To momentarily go back to the source material this is the scene where she has just been informed in a letter from her husband about the fulfilment of the witches first prophecy. Her immediate concern is that her husband does not have the necessary character to murder Duncan for the crown. I fear thy nature, It is too full of the milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way (Act I Scene V) Her conceit is interesting as it is clear in the play that Macbeth struggles a little with his conscience he is quite easily persuaded to commit murder. She also calls to the spirits to Come to my womans breasts, and take my milk for gall. (Act I scene V) The inference here is that she wants to replace Macbeths milk of human kindness with her own diabolically polluted milk. She allys herself with the forces of evil in order to give her the strength of purpose to kill Duncan. Her words are about her adopting evil into her own nature and becoming one with the malevolent forces. †¦Come you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst cruelty†¦ †¦Come thick night And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell. (Act I Scene V) The line from to the crown to the toe is at once a statement that she wishes to become engulfed with evil and a reference to the royal crown. The soliloquy also includes the images of dark ness associated with evil. The words unsex me here recall Banquos comments on the ambiguous sexuality of the three witches. You should be women Yet your beards forbid me to interpret That you are so. (Act I Scene III) In the play the scene establishes Lady Macbeths ambition for her husband as another factor in his downfall by associating her with imagery of diabolism. The majority of the scene in Welles film is played out in a medium shot of Lady Macbeth in a bare bedchamber whilst the soliloquy is delivered in voice over. Jeanette Nolans deliver of the lines is extremely theatrical in tone and the back drop is unusually expressionless. The scene looks and plays as if it has been recorded at a theatre performance As such the scene is visually static and the power of Shakespeares words carry the scene as opposed to any cinematic elements. Polanski dilutes the immediacy of Lady Macbeths turn to evil by having her deliver the first part of the soliloquy before Macbeths return to the castle and then the second part, where she calls upon evil spirits, after Malcolm is named successor and it is clear that murder is the only way for Macbeth to ascend the throne. Although this changes emphasis, like Nolan s performance Francesca Annis delivers the soliloquy in voice over and a theatrical tone. Whilst Shakespeares words and imagery are retained there is nothing cinematic about the scene itself Act I Scene VII suggests that Lady Macbeth was right about her husbands willingness to perform the act of murder. In a soliloquy Macbeth talks himself out of the deed; he reasons to himself that it is evil and that he does not have the necessary character. †¦I have No spur To prick the sides of my intent, but only Vaulting ambition, which oerleaps itself. (Act 1 Scene 7) Macbeth effectively talks himself out of the deed by considering the ramifications of killing Duncan. He employs imagery of heaven to illustrate Duncans virtue and the legitimate claim to the throne. ,Or heavens cherubin horsd Upon the slightest couriers of the air, Shall blow the horrid deed in every eye That tears shall blow down the wind. (Act I scene VII) In Welles film this same speech in the film is relocated to a religious ceremony that precedes the battle. Orson Welless creation Holy Father reads through a post battle service. In the background there are men holding huge Celtic crosses. This symbol of early Christianity illustrates an uneasy balance between Christian ethics and pagan mysticism. Again the expressionist set retains the constant presence of the forces of evil; the religious context of the scene emphasizes the conflict with the diabolical influence. We are allowed inside Macbeths mind as he rationalizes what he is planning on doing and the evil nature of it, but the I have no spur passage has been omitted. The scene plays out in a close shot of Macbeths face which remains resolute. There is no suggestion of a moral struggle in Welles delivery, merely an acknowledgement of the immorality of his intentions. However on the Heaven cherubin horsd line there is a cut to a wider shot of Duncans subjects genuflecting before him. This reinforces the notion of Duncan as the model ideal for king. The Polanski version of the scene is fantastically captured on screen. Once again we hear Macbeths thoughts in voice over, this time in the full original text. The scene starts with a close shot of Macbeths pensive face, then tracks backwards to reveal the festivity and frivolity of all the others at the feast. This reiterates Macbeths position as Duncans kinsman and host, whilst placing Duncan within the context of a happy and prosperous kingdom. On delivery of the line weld jump the life to come, there is a roll of thunder and the curtains are violently blown into the hall disrupting the festivities as if to disturb Macbeths train of thought. This scene at once retains Shakespeares poetry and accompanies it visually in cinematic terms. The final soliloquy of the play comes in Act V Scene V after Macbeths learning of his wifes demise. In is a dramatic pause before the arrival of Birnam wood to Dunsinane to allow Macbeth to mourn for his dead wife and contemplate his actions. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow Creeps in this petty pace from day to day To the last syllable of recorded time; (Act V Scene V) The repetition of the word tomorrow gives verbal resonance to a sense of inevitability of Macbeths death and the inevitability of death as a universal truth. The word creep also has connotations of the subterfuge of malignant forces. Macbeth sees that he is backed into a corner and that his plans have been his own undoing . Lifes but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more. It is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. (Act V Scene V) The walking shadow that Macbeth speaks of hear exists between light and dark and is also an intangible and temporary thing. The reference to acting suggests that Macbeth feels as if he has been directed by some unknowable source, and the words sound a fury recall the lightning storm that heralded the arrival of the witches. This soliloquy is rich and full with imagery and perfectly captures the mind of a man whose purpose has left him. After this point in the play all Macbeth has is an instinct of self-preservation. In Welles film the scene is at once strikingly visual and completely verbal. Although the two sets of imagery do not properly resonate. A close up of Macbeths face is cross faded with an image of swirling mist as the soliloquy is started then delivered in full by Orson Welles in voice over. The association between Macbeths face and the fade places the viewer firmly within Macbeths mind and indicates that we are privy to his innermost thoughts. The fact that there is very little to look at gives added gravitas to Macbeths words and makes the viewer reflect upon them more. The imagery evokes a sense of inner-turmoil that reflects the mind of a man who has been corrupted by power and stricken with grief. However it evokes other thematic and narrative elements such as a sense of mystery that recalls the witches, a sense of foreshadowing that herald on the stage. In this scene the verbal essence of the play is completely retained by the visuals of the film. The end of the play restores a natural order to the kingdom of Scotland. Malcolm ascends to his rightful place on the throne. He is given a rhetorical speech in rhyming verse which serves as epilogue to the play. And what needful else That calls upon us, by the grace of Grace, We will perform in measure time and place: (Act V Scene VII) Unlike the opening scene were rhyming couplets were used to mimic the casting of spells, in this speech the rhymed words produce a comforting and familiar sound. The phrase measure time and place suggests that the rightful order has been restored and reference to Grace alluding to the grace of god tells us that the forces of evil are no longer at work. The ending of Welles film does not include Malcolms speech. As Macduff holds Macbeths head aloft and proclaims Malcolm king the rest of Malcolms subjects join in and repeat the cry of â€Å"Hail king Malcolm† this continues as the subjects hold aloft burning torches that visually symbolise the light returning to a darkened kingdom. There is then a cut to a wide shot of the castle no longer enshrined in darkness but in the pale morning light. However Welles undercuts any sense of the restoration of order by placing the three witches silhouetted in the middle ground of the shot. Polanskis film goes even further as we see Donalblain seeking out the witches council. He is presumably the next heir until Malcolm has a son and the suggestion is that he too will consult the powers of evil to aide his own bloody ascension. As discussed earlier in the essay, these films place much more emphasis on the external factors that exert their influence over Macbeth. The play itself is more concerned with one mans decision to succumb to evil whilst the films of Orson Welles and Roman Polanski suggest that the force of the witches will is insurmountable. What is clear from the Polanski and Welles versions of the Play is that although both films manage to translate certain passages from the play and retain the verbal essence they are not entirely successful. However they are interpretations of the play as well as adaptations emphasis on theme and narrative has been shifted. By far the most satisfying film version of Macbeth is Akira Kurosawas Throne of Blood. However this version has been relocated to feudal Japan and falls within the context of a different cultural setting. Kurosawa has done the best possible job in translating the text into a foreign context whilst retaining the essential essence of the source material. There is an attempt to retain a sense of the poetic within the dialogue. Kurosawa approximates Shakespearian dialogue with a Japanese equivalent of Noh. At certain key moments of the film the dialogue slips into Noh verse such as the end of the film when a chorus is summarising the story of Washizu (The Macbeth Character.) Lived a proud warrior Murdered by ambition His spirit walking still. Still his spirit walks, his fame is known, For what once was is now yet true Murderous ambition will pursue†¦ This technique is used sparingly throughout the film so as not to seem forced or alienate contemporary audience, but what it does do is infuse the film with Japanese storytelling tradition and give the film an added quality of timelessness. Throne of Blood can also be considered as retaining the best qualities of Welless Macbeth in terms of its expressive production design. Kurosawa has spoken of the use of wide interiors with low ceilings and squat pillars to enclose the interior space and visualise a sense of oppression. This symbolises the forces out of Washizus control that are compelling him along his murderous and treacherous path. The exterior world of the forest is also expressionistic; the tangled treacherous forest is an inhospitable place where the witch and the hostile forces of nature conspire against the will of man. It also reaches out towards Washizus castle that has been made from the resources of the forest and is itself part of the forces of nature. Again the visua l style has been interpreted in such a way to try to capture the essence of the tone of the source material. Like Polanski and Welles, Kurowsawa has interpreted and adapt the play as he saw fit. The significant changes to setting and cultural changes mean that Throne of Blood has been scrutinised, studied and approached as a film in its own right and discussed in its own terms without the direct comparison to Shakespeares exact words. As mentioned at the outset of the essay the arts of screen and play writing are very different and that which has been written for the stage does not necessarily translate to the screen. Critics argue rightly that Shakespeares poetry has been in places mutilated to bring the plays to the screen. However as this essay illustrates; certain passages have been successfully translated into cinematic terms retaining the imagery and the poetry of original play. To say that the verbal essence of a Shakespeare play is essentially non-cinematic is untrue. To say that it is extremely difficult to translate into cinematic terms is entirely fair. Bibliography Anderegg, M.A. Orson Welles, Shakespeare and Popular Culture (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.) Bazin, A. Orson Welles (London: Elm Tree Books, 1978) Davies, a Filming Shakespeares Plays: The Adaptations of Laurence Olivier, Orson Welles, Peter Brook and Akira Kurosawa. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988). Davies, A. Wells, S. (Eds) â€Å"Shakespeare and the Moving Image: The plays on Film and Television† (London: Cambridge University Press, 1994.) Jackson, R. (Ed) â€Å"The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Film† (London: Cambridge University Press. 2000) Manvell, R. Theater and Film: A Comparative Study of Two Forms of Dramatic Art (Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1979.) Manvell, R. Shakespeare and the Film (London: Dent, 1971) McBride, J. Orson Welles (London: BFI, 1972) Films Kumonosu jà ´ (Dir Akira Kurosawa, 1957 Japan) Macbeth (Dir Orson Welles, 1948, US) Tragedy of Macbeth, The (Dir Roman Polanski, 1971, US/UK)